Space Weather Essay Example for Free

Space Weather Essay Space weather is what happens in space and how it affects the Earths weather. Even though in space it may not look like a big thing but when those effects reach Earth it can make a huge impact on the Earths weather. It can cause natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, etc. Space weather doesnt just affect the Earths weather but it can also affect new technology. Its been causing problems with new technology as early as when the telegraph was invented in the 19th century. Solar flares can disrupt power grids, get in the way of high-frequency airline and military communications, disrupt GPS signals, interupt civilian communications, etc. Space weather can cover the Earths atmosphere with a hazardous and dangerous radiation. Even the technology we use like traffic lights, cell phones, street lights, etc could be affected by a solar flare. Furthermore stuff like solar flares have been occuring more often since global warming started to become more gruesome. This is because of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere along with other gases and these gases are trapped in the Earths atmosphere and the more gases are trapped in the atmosphere the less gases are let out into space. This can create problems like species extinction, flooding around coastal areas, make seasons longer then they should be, more frequent and severe storms, and alter temperature patterns. Along with solar flares, solar winds can also affect the Earhs weather. This is because the intense clouds of high energy particles which are often made by solar storms and make their way to Earth in about 3 to 4 days it collides with the Earths magnetic field. The particles enters Earths magnetic field near both north and south poles. When that happens it causes many problems with technology. Like solar flares and solar winds magnetic storms can also cause damage to our way of life on Earth espically now since we rely on technology so much. Magnetic storms can pump extra electricty into our power lines and pipelines causing blackouts and gas leaks. For example, in March 1989 a magnetic storm caused a thirty-six million transformer in New Jersey collapsed the entire power grid in Quebec, Canada. When that happened it left six million people without electricity. Space weather can also be very hazardous for astronauts. For example, in between the flights for both Apollo 16 and Apollo 17 an intense solar flare occurred. This would have killed the astronauts on board Apollo 16 and Apollo 17 if they had been on their way to go to the moon during that time. These are just some of the many things on how space weather can affect the Earth and the Earths weather. Just to remind you space weather is what happens in space and how it affects the Earth and its weather. It can make a huge impact on Earths weather and Earth even though in space it may not look like a big deal. These are some ways space weather affects the Earth and its weather.

Mortuary Practices and Afterlife of the Choctaw Essays -- Sociology, T

The Choctaws thrived in the fertile sandy, red-clay soil, rolling hills, and dense forests, located in the Central Hills of the east-central region of Mississippi. The estimated population after early European contact was between 15,000 and 20,000 and was the second largest group of Native Americans in the Southeast (Blitz 1988:127). The Choctaws in the Southeast were a matrilineal society. Traditionally, women preformed tasks related to domestic life. Among these responsibilities were creating pottery and utensils, food preparation, and planting and harvesting crops. The majority of their diet consisted of agricultural products such as corn, pumpkins, squash, and beans. Women would also accompany men on hunting excursions in order to provide food preparation. After the hunt, women were responsible for transporting the slain animal back to the village for processing of skins, bone, and meat (Carson 1995:495-6). The greatest responsibilities of the Choctaw men were hunting and warfare. During the fall and winter months, their primary food source was deer. Their accomplishments on hunting adventures directly reflected upon their social status and importance within the tribe (Carson 1995:197). Although the Choctaw shared much of their culture with many of the other tribes in the Southeast, â€Å"in the disposition of their dead, the ancient Choctaws practiced a strange method different from any other Nation of people, perhaps, that ever existed† (Swanton1931:176). When a Choctaw tribal member became terminally ill, it was common practice for the medicine man to inform the family of impending death (Swanton 1931:170). The women cleansed the body, applied paint, daubed the face, and dressed him in his finest clothes. He was the... ...ld winds always blew. Every spirit encountered was an enemy with no safe place to take refuge. Food was scarce, due to unfertile soil, lack of game, and hunger was constant. The bad hunting grounds are perpetually lonely, with only the joyous sounds from the other side of the mountains. The doomed spirits constantly struggled to climb the treacherous mountains, but to no avail. They were eternally destined to an afterlife of desolation (Campbell 1959:149-52). The Choctaws possessed unique ceremonies in regards to their deceased as well as a vivid explanation into their afterlife. Through many accounts, the knowledge and customs of the Southeast tribe of the Choctaw will not be forgotten. Although these customs may not be practiced, the extensive documentation gives an extraordinary glimpse into the lives of the natives of the southeast United States.

Our Home and Racist Land Essay

Being one of the most socially developed and multicultural countries in the world everyone probably sees Canada as a Utopian country. Unfortunately Canada isn’t as perfect as everyone thinks it is, and a major persisting issue is racism. Being a multicultural there are many minorities and this usually results in racism, isolation, and unequal treatment amongst everyone. Unfortunately, racism gets more serious and turns into hate crime and that is a federal offence. Racisms not only affects adults at work or on the streets but also affects children in schools and daycare centers as kids are treated differently based on their skin color. We can all imagine that racism has disappeared but in reality we know that it will never leave. Racism is defined as a belief that inherent differences among human race, does that mean that all of us have to be one race in order to eliminate racism in our society? Practically, it is impossible to get rid of racial prejudice. Racism is common amongst the streets of Canada and especially Toronto as we are the most diverse city in Canada. Racism occurs everywhere from schools to workplaces. Even where I volunteer the guy who runs is racist, he is known for only hiring white people as his staff and Hispanic people to do the cleaning. Everywhere we turn we see racism. When a lady crosses the street and sees a person of African descent she will either take a different road or being to walk really fast. This is because we are all racist by habit now. We have been influenced by movies, TV shows, and the media. We are always bombarded by â€Å"20-year old black male wanted for robbery† or â€Å"32 year-old male black wanted for murder† in the media that everyone has come to a conclusion that all black people are criminals and that is wrong. To make matters worth parents will tell their kids not to hang out with â€Å"African† people and when that one African child gets secluded he will do anything to be part of the â€Å"group† and this is when the child starts to befriend the wrong people and he is now in a gang. He gets into unnecessary trouble and now is the top news on CTV and all of this was because one arent was racist and told his/her child not to be friends with a black person. A more severe case of racism is hate crime, and that is very common in Canada. Statistics Canada has released the numbers and it states that there have been 1473 hate-motivated crimes in 2009 and 52% was because of race/ethnicity, which means there have been 766 racist crimes. To be more specific almost 300 incidents were intended toward black people, 95 towards south Asians, and 75 towards Arabs. Even in the 21st century we are still witnessing violence toward people because of their skin color. Just by viewing these statistics you can conclude that Canada is still racist. To be more precise Canada has increased in hate crimes toward race from 2006-2009 by roughly 61%. Racial discrimination must stop immediately; it is not progressing society forward it is pulling us backward. At the end of the day we are all humans and we are all one race and this prejudice towards others because of the color of their skin is barbaric. Canada is most definitely still racist, we might seem like the perfect country to the eyes of others but we are far from a utopian society. Regardless of the fact you are Caucasian, African, Sri Lankan, Arab, and Chinese we are all humans, and racism just degrades us. Abraham Joshua Herschel, a Polish-born American rabbi once said â€Å"Racism is man’s gravest threat to man – the maximum hatred for a minimum of reason. â€Å" Racism was once the reason WWII had started and it was the reason we went through a terrifying era of slaves in North America. Both Canada and the global society are frequently showing racial animosity and this should not be tolerated.

Chemical Warfare During World War II - 1450 Words

Chemical Warfare in World War 1 Chemical Warfare is defined as â€Å"Tactical warfare using incendiary mixtures, smokes, or irritant, burning or asphyxiating gases†. This is the usage of a chemical to harm the opposing side in order to get an advantage in the war at hand. Three of the main chemical weapons used during World War 1 were Lachrymator (tear), Chlorine and Phosgene, and Mustard gas. Chemical warfare was overall effective in World War 1 because it added to the weaponry needed to win the war. In the start of World War 1 gasses were considered inhumane and uncivilized. These three types of gasses show exactly why that was the thought all around the world on chemical weaponry. Lachrymator (tear gas) - caused temporary blindness and irritation to the victims’ nose and throat. A gas mask would give the troops relatively good protection from this type of gas. Sternutator (poisonous gas) - chlorine, phosgene. Chlorine gas combines with moisture so it attacks the soldiers’ eyes and lungs. Phosgene gas was used along with Chlorine gas; it would cause less coughing allowing more to be inhaled. Also the effects were delayed for a longer time than when Chlorine gas was present. Troops would most likely be affected up to 48 hours after their body was initially introduced to the chemical. These two where later mixed together. The Chlorine helped the vapor to spread wider and faster than Phosgene had before causing both gases to be deadlier then before. They were also int roduced inShow MoreRelatedTechnology Changed The Dynamics Of War During World War I1587 Words   |  7 PagesAdvances in technology changed the dynamics of war during World War I. 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They should also study this topic because it shows the rise and fall of a once miracle drugRead MoreThe World War I Ended1744 Words   |  7 Pages World War One began on July 28, 1914 after the Austrian-Hungarian emperor was assassinated by coordination of The Black Hand secret society, a Serbian nationalist group. The war between Serbia and Austria-Hungary began. The First World War is known for its trench warfare, alliances, and technological advancements. World War I ende d on November 11, 1918 ending in an allied victory. World War II, also known as the Second War, began on September 1, 1939. World War II was much more brutal than WorldRead MoreUsing Chemicals as Weapons in War Essay example999 Words   |  4 PagesThere has been war since man has been on Earth. Over time, war tactics, weapon, armor, and even the soldier has changed. The main weapon that has changed the battlefield has been the use of chemicals to stun, immobilize, or cause death. 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According to accepted definitions of chemical warfare, newly discovered battle tactics used by humanity’sRead MoreTechnology And Weapons During The Civil War Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology and weapons in wars since the Civil War have been progressing each and every day since then. There has been a number changes both good and not so good that has affected how our countries military forces react to the battle field. The advancements that has been made over the many years have killed millions and millions of people during time at war. Since the American Civil War there has been drastic changes to how war that have been fought. Why has technology in war been so important and helpful

Taking a Look at the Russian Reveloution - 562 Words

In Russia, there were many revolutions, and civil wars, the citizens had an important role. The Proletariat was the growing class of factory and railroad workers. The Soviets were councils of workers and soldiers, the secret police were important, they carried out the czar’s plans and got rid of counterrevolutionaries. The Commissar was communist party officials that taught and ensured party loyalty. The Bolshevik was a general term for the majority, and a Kulak was a wealthy peasant that was part of a collective, when many peasants farmed together large farms. After World War one the Russians had boosted their nationality and had high morale. The armies were enthusiastic to be fighting for Russia. But without enough weapons for everyone, a lot of people died in battles. The monarchy started to crumble, and the citizens lost trust. Lenin was a Russian revolutionary in 1870; he grew up with a strong dislike for the Czar and the government. The czar stepped down from power in 1917, and then Duma politicians set up a temporary government. The Russians were still at war with Germany and had a weak government. Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks; he used ideas similar to Marx’s. The Bolsheviks took over in November 1917; The Red Guards who were armed workers took over the temporary government. The Bolsheviks later revealed that they had communist intentions. A civil war in Russia lasted three years between the â€Å"Reds† who were communist and the â€Å"Whites† who were loyal to the

Implications Of Haemoglobin T. ( HSCT ) - 806 Words

The first successful haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was conducted in 1984. Significant advances have been made since and approximately 1,200 patients have undergone transplantation (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation personal communication, 2014). SCA is an inherited blood disorder caused by a qualitative mutation in the haemoglobin beta gene (HBB) resulting in an abnormal version known as haemoglobin S (HbS). Typically, normal haemoglobin (HbA) consists of four protein subunits, two alpha-globin and two beta-globin. Replacement of only one beta-globin subunit with HbS results in an asymptomatic heterozygous carrier of the sickle cell trait†¦show more content†¦Screening is usually performed in a newborn blood spot test and the diagnosis is confirmed when electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of homozygous HbS. SCA has been identified as a global public health problem by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the united nations (UN) with over 5 million affected people worldwide and more than a quarter million live births every year (Piel et al, 2013). The sickle cell gene is prevalent throughout sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and regions of the Indian sub-continent with haemoglobin S carrier frequencies ranging from 5% to 40% or more of the population. The WHO has reported around 85% of SCA disorders and over 70% of all affected births occur in Africa. Although SCA modifying therapies such as Hydroxyurea and chronic transfusion are available that have substiantially decreased the symptoms, these therapies do not prevent or reverse any future complications. To date, allogeneic HSCT remains the only curative form of treatment for SCA. A phase 1-2 study was carried out by Hsieh et al (2014) determining the efficacy of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for adults with severe sickle cell disease. Data showed improvement in respective mean hemoglobin levels for females and males as 8.8 ±0.3 and 9.3 ±0.5 g per deciliter before transplantation and 12.6 ±0.6 and 12.7 ±1.1 Nine patients developed long-term, stable donor lymphohaematopoietic engraftment at levels that sufficed to reverse the

Expenditure And Revenue In United Kingdom -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Expenditure And Revenue In United Kingdom? Answer: Introducation The primary concern would be related to the individuals involved in financing the pay-as-you-go system. When the rates for employees and employers are increased, it becomes difficult for the employees of this generation to maintain affordable standard of living. As a result, it poses burden on the employers to match, which increases their overall expenses (Boyer, Ross Winter, 2017). The growth in population and the growth in wage rate help in ascertaining the growth rate related to the contribution base. This would result in increased layoffs or seasonal workings with the rise in contributions, instead of offering fulltime positions throughout the year. In addition, there is absence of any guarantee that every individual would receive public pension in the future. This compels the individuals to think that they would not have adequate money to live on in future. Furthermore, this would management these individuals to take early retirement and they are removed from the labour force and extra years for receiving the benefit and limited years for contribution. The initiation of the private pooled pension system does not signify that all individuals could participate in the same, even if the contribution is matched on the part of the employer. This is identical in case of RRSP system. An individual could obtain a tax break on both the systems at a level of payroll deduction (De Grauwe, 2016). However, in case; the funds are vested in the form of pension plan, they need to wait until retirement for accessing the funds. If there is no restriction of the funds in RRSP system, the individuals have the chance of obtaining the funds less income tax applicable; however, these funds would not be available in future. They are identical because they are government saving plan, in which tax break could be obtained in the initial stage; however, there is no guarantee regarding the availability of RRSP at the time of retirement. This depends on the occurrence of the withdrawal and the way of selecting to vest RRSP. On the other hand, private pension would be available mostly at the time of retirement, if it is necessary for the individuals to participate along with satisfying all requirements (Stiglitz Rosengard, 2015). The various programs of social assistance offered on the federal government of Canada constitute of the following: Working Income Tax Benefit (WITB): This benefit is offered to the working individuals having lower income and the intention is to strengthen the participation of the labour force. Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB): This benefit is offered to the families having children with low income. National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS): This benefit is provided as part of CCTB to the low income families with children. Canada Assistance Plan (CAP): This benefit offers open-ended matching grants to the province constituting of 50% on eligible expenses on social welfare (Borisova et al., 2015). Canada Social Transfer (CST): This benefit is offered to the province on an identical per capita cash grant related post-secondary education and social programs. Particulars Details Amount (in $) Welfare benefits (A) Provided 1,121 Income on working hours (B) (40 hours x $15) 600 Reduced benefits (C) $0.35 ($15 x 40) 210 Total income (D) (A) + (B) - (C) 1,511 For mitigating the increasing costs, the Canadian government could go back for charging a greater monthly amount from the families, instead of a single individual. The accounting earned could be provided in the form of subsidy to the low-income individuals and households (Innis, 2017).This could be taxable benefit and it would raise the amount gathered for personal income tax. Abusers are present in the healthcare system of Canada in case of situations, which are not necessary. They need to charge user fee for enabling in covering the service costs and it might slow down few individuals, who do not have to visit the doctors for minor cases. Many employers offer extensive healthcare premiums, which are taxable; in case, the payment is made on the part of the employer. This would result in increasing personal income tax. The prescription cost could be minimised; in case, the pharmacies and doctors are involved in using generic names rather than brand names. Another issue is related to obesity and smoking. The services could be offered at an affordable cost for enabling in controlling obesity along with prohibiting smoking (King, 2016). Particulars Details Units Probability of accident for Jermaine A 7.50% Insurance amount of Jermaine B $ 1,000,000 Probability of accident for Janet C 1% Insurance amount of Janet D $ 500,000 Expected payout (A*B) + (C*D) $ 80,000 The main issue related to adverse selection is that the individuals not employed and looking for jobs need to apply for employment insurance. The individuals unemployed for greater duration and multiple times are those having demand for employment insurance. The issue pertaining to moral hazard is the laid off individuals, which could be categorised as either seasonal or temporary workers. The employers utilise the situation to their benefits by laying off the workers or they minimise their labour hours for their personal benefits. However, it is necessary for the employees to supplement their income, even though it is partial and thus, they apply for employment insurance. As a result, the employees obtain temporary relief; however, the employers utilise it to their benefits for analysing the amount of incentive for steering those individuals out of employment insurance along with searching for additional employment. The numerous flows affecting the rate of unemployment are the individuals employed, unemployed and those not present in the labour force. The level of the following criteria is dependent on the rate of unemployment: The laid off individuals or those who have left their jobs look to search for employment The individuals unemployed previously find reasonable job offers for employment The individuals leaving the labour force The individuals who enter or return to the workforce in search of employment (Sandford, 2015) The above criteria would enable in obtaining an insight of the reasons related to unemployment for enabling policies to be frame in order to minimise the rate of unemployment. Particulars Details Units Salary of the economist A $ 49,939 Provided rate B 9.90% Yearly basic exemption C $ 3,500 Payment in CPP contributions B*(A-C) $ 4,597.46 Due to the declining rates related to productivity growth and slower growth rate in employment, there had been a fall in the growth rate of salaries and wages in contrast to the real interest rate since 1980s. There are four factors, which resulted in such change and these are represented briefly as follows: The first factor is demography, in which the birth rate was low in 1960s and there is life expectancy at the age of 65, alive longer (Skousen, 2016). The second factor is change in economics, in which there is decline in the growth rate of productivity and rise in the pay-as-you-go rate than projected. The increase in the pay-as-you-go rate is due to the enhancements of the benefits related to CPP as well, which is the third factor. The final factor is the rise in disability claims. All the above-stated factors signify the implications for the raised rate of the pay-as-you-go system, due to which there had been a reform in the CPP program in 1998. References: Borisova, G., Fotak, V., Holland, K., Megginson, W. L. (2015). Government ownership and the cost of debt: Evidence from government investments in publicly traded firms.Journal of Financial Economics,118(1), 168-191. Boyer, M., Ross, T. W., Winter, R. A. (2017). The rise of economics in competition policy: A Canadian perspective.Canadian Journal of Economics. De Grauwe, P. (2016).Economics of monetary union. Oxford university press. Innis, H. A. (2017).Essays in Canadian economic history. University of Toronto Press. King, D. (2016).Fiscal tiers: The economics of multi-level government. Routledge. Sandford, C. T. (2015).Economics of public finance: an economic analysis of government expenditure and revenue in the United Kingdom. Elsevier. Skousen, M. (2016).The making of modern economics: the lives and ideas of the great thinkers. Routledge. Stiglitz, J. E., Rosengard, J. K. (2015).Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company.